I. Kodi ultrasound ndi chiyani?

Mafunde a ultrasound ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yopangidwa ndi kugwedezeka kwa ma frequency apamwamba kuti igwire ntchito pamwamba pa workpiece, motero imapangitsa kuti zitsulo zigwirizane.

II. Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito ya Mafunde a Ultrasonic

1. Mphamvu yamagetsi imasinthidwa kukhala kugwedezeka kwa makina kwa ma frequency apamwamba, komwe kumatumizidwa ku nozzle yolumikizira kudzera mu mutu wolumikizira wokonzedwa bwino. Ma workpiece apamwamba ndi otsika amakhudzana pansi pa nthawi ya kupanikizika kwa nthawi 20,000 kapena 40,000 pa sekondi. Kuphatikizika kwa kugwedezeka kwa ma frequency apamwamba ndi kupanikizika kumafalitsa wosanjikiza woonda wa zinthu ndi ma oxide pamwamba pa workpiece, ndikupanga weld yoyera komanso yowongoka. Kudzera mu kubwerezabwereza kwa maatomu pakati pa workpieces, wosanjikiza wodalirika wa metallurgical fusion umapangidwa pamapeto pake.
2. Mphamvu yamagetsi yotsika imasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi yothamanga kwambiri ndi jenereta. Mphamvu yamagetsi yothamanga kwambiri imasinthidwa kukhala kugwedezeka kwa makina ndi transducer. Chowongolera mphamvu yamagetsi ndi mutu wothira magetsi ndizomwe zimayambitsa kusintha mphamvu yamagetsi. Pansi pa kupanikizika kwina kosasunthika, kapangidwe ka mamolekyu pamwamba pa chitsulo kamagundana ndikugundana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mamolekyu alowe mkati, motero kumaliza kulowetsa magetsi.

Chidziwitso choyamba ndi kuthetsa mavuto a ultrasound

III. Zolakwika Zofala mu Kuwotcherera kwa Ultrasonic

(a) Kusokedwa kosakwanira

1. Mphamvu yotulutsa yowotcherera yosakwanira: kupanikizika kosakwanira, kutalika kosakwanira, kapena maziko ake sakhazikika bwino.
2. Mphamvu yowotcherera yosakwanira: Njira yowerengera mphamvu yotulutsa ndi E=P×T=F×V×T=μN×A×f×T (komwe E ndi mphamvu, P ndi mphamvu, V ndi liwiro, μ ndi coefficient of friction, N ndi kupanikizika, A ndi amplitude, f ndi ma frequency, ndipo T ndi nthawi). Mphamvu yosakwanira ingayambitse kuwotcherera kosakwanira.
3. Mafuta kapena zigawo za okusayidi pamwamba pa chinthucho zimatha kusokoneza mphamvu ya welding bonding.
4. Ngati mano ali akuthwa kwambiri, amatha kulowa mosavuta mu weldment panthawi yoweta.
5. Pamwamba pa weldment pali chophimba cha zinthu zomwe sizili zoyenera kulowetsedwa ndi ultrasound.
6. Zipangizo zomwe zikulumikizidwa siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito polumikiza ndi ultrasound.

(ii) Chotchingira mutu chowotcherera

Chifukwa : Pamene mutu wolumikizira kapena maziko olumikizira akhudzana ndi chinthucho, kutentha kwambiri kumachitika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mamolekyu alowe pakati pa chinthucho ndi mutu wolumikizira kapena maziko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba.

Yankho :

1. Yang'anani mano a mutu ndi maziko a cholumikizira. Ngati kutopako kuli kwakukulu, kungayambitse kutentha kukwera, ndipo kuyenera kuthetsedwa nthawi yake.
2. Pamene tikuonetsetsa kuti zotsatira za kuwotcherera zikupezeka, mphamvu imatha kuwonjezeredwa moyenera ndipo nthawi yowotcherera ifupikitsidwe kuti tichepetse kusinthana kwa mphamvu pakati pa mutu wowotcherera ndi zinthuzo.

(iii) Ming'alu yolukana

1. Kusweka mozungulira cholumikizira cholumikizira: Mukalumikiza zigawo zingapo za zinthu, m'mphepete mwa cholumikizira cholumikiziracho mumapanga malo otsetsereka. Mutu wa cholumikiziracho ukagwedezeka, umakhala ndi mphamvu yokoka m'mphepete, zomwe zingayambitse kusweka mosavuta.
2. Yankho : Chitani chithandizo chapadera m'mphepete mwa cholumikizira cholumikizira kuti muwonetsetse kuti kupsinjika kumafalikira mofanana ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yokoka yomwe imapangidwa ndi kugwedezeka.
3. Ming'alu pafupi ndi cholumikizira cholumikizira: Kugwedezeka kwa mutu wolumikizira kumapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zisunthire mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, pamene cholembera cha aluminiyamu chalumikizidwa ku batri, kukoka kumatha kusweka mosavuta.
4. Mayankho : ① Sinthani njira ya kapangidwe ka dzino (monga, gwiritsani ntchito njira yopingasa) kuti musinthe njira ya mphamvu pa chinthucho; ② Tambitsani bwino tabu kuti mupange malo osungira pakati pa batri ndi cholumikizira cha solder.

(iv) Kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa mphamvu yotulutsa

Chifukwa Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu yotulutsa, ndipo ziyenera kufufuzidwa chimodzi ndi chimodzi.

Yankho :

1. Yang'anani momwe chipangizo cha triple unit chimakhazikitsidwira, yang'anani ngati chawonongeka, ndipo chigwirizanenso ngati pakufunika kutero.
2. Onetsetsani kuti zomangira za pansi zalimba bwino.
3. Yang'anani mipata pamalo pomwe pali chomangira cha maziko.
4. Yang'anani zida zolumikizira kuti mutsimikizire kuti malo olumikizirana ndi ofanana nthawi iliyonse.
5. Yang'anani pamwamba pa chinthucho kuti muwone ngati pali madontho a okosijeni kapena mafuta.
6. Tsimikizirani kuti zofunikira za zipangizo zomwe zikubwera ndizofanana (pamene kukwapula kwa mutu wowotcherera kwakhazikika, kusiyana kwa makulidwe ndi kuuma kwa zipangizozo kungayambitse kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu yotulutsa).
7. Yang'anani kukhazikika kwa mpweya woperekedwa ndi fakitale ndipo onani ngati pali kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu ya mpweya wolowa.
8. Onetsetsani ngati mphamvu ya ultrasonic ya bokosi lamagetsi ndi yokhazikika.

(v) Kulemera kwambiri

Zimayambitsa Pali zinthu ziwiri: kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi kuchuluka kwa ma frequency.

Yankho :

1. Chepetsani magawo a kusonkha moyenera.
2. Chepetsani kuya kwa mutu wothira zitsulo kuti muwonetsetse kuti pali mpata pakati pa mutu wothira zitsulo ndi maziko.